Waterproofing size and method of making same



Patented June 16, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MAKING SAME CharlesR. Burgard, Joliet, 111., assignor to The Nu Size Company, Inc., Joliet,111., a corporation of Illinois No Drawing. Application April 29, 1935,Serial No. 18,881

11 Claims.

My invention relates to a water-proofing size or agent and moreparticularly to a method of and means for making water colors or waterinks resistant to water after printing or other application to thecarrying medium.

The main object of my invention is to provide a decorative paper, suchas wallpaper, which is washable.

Another object is to provide a printed water color or water ink which issoap and water proof to a remarkable degree.

Still another object of my invention is to provide a water-proofing sizeor agent for water colors or water inks, and a method of making thesame.

In making washable wallpaper in the past it has been necessary tosubject the printed web to a chemical treatment to fix a binder in thecoating and water colors or water inks to render the latter waterresistant and washable. The fixing or hardening agent is expensive andmust be sprayed or rolled on the printed web. Further the resultingpaper is brittle and the colors are liable and have a tendency to crackand peel off.

Therefore, the main purpose of my invention is to provide a washablewall-paper which is inexpensive to make, is soft and pliable, and whichhas no tendency to curl or crack with age. In fact, the longer myproduct ages, the more resistant to washing it becomes, the old step ofchemically fixing a binder in the coating or water color by treating theweb being entirely eliminated by my invention. The wallpaper or othermedium carrying my water-proof printing has a pleasant odor and isremarkably resistant to soap and water.

In trying to make water colors waterproof I encountered manydifliculties, such as foaming of the colors, turning to liver and worstof all, I could not match any certain colors. It was a great problem. Ithen conceived the idea of making a waterproof sizing material for thewater colors. After experimenting with various bases for the size, Ifound that a neutral casein is most satisfactory for my purpose.

As solvents for the casein, I prefer tri-sodium phosphate and ammonia.The preferred casein preservatives are borax and carbolic acid. Pine oilis used as a deodorizer. These ingredients together with those mentionedbelow, added to the casein result in a water-proofing size for watercolors. After the colors have been printed on or otherwise applied tothe carrying medium, the product is preferably aged for five or tendays, the desired properties improving with age. However, no matter howlong it is aged, the carrying medium remains soft and pliable, and thecolors have no tendency to crack or peel.

In making my water-proofing size or agent, and by way of a preferredexample, I first pour 400 lbs. of cold water into a steam jacketedkettle. To this water is added 100 lbs. of a neutral casein, the mixturebeing allowed to soak for at least 30 minutes.

While the casein is soaking, lbs. of borax and 5 lbs. of tri-sodiumphosphate are dissolved in 100 lbs. of hot water in another kettle, thewater being preferably boiling. The steam is then turned on at the firstkettle, and while the contents thereof is stirred, the solution in thesecond kettle is added thereto. One quart of ammonia (90%) is also addedand the whole mixture is cooked until the temperature reaches 140degrees F.

At such temperature, I add two quarts of pine oil and' one quart ofcarbolic acid, the mixture being agitated for minutes. I then addgallons of a water wax dispersion, 15 gallons of high grade linseed oil,15 gallons of a wax solution, 5 gallons of an 18% solution of gum copalcut with aqua-ammonia, and 10 gallons of gum copal. The temperature ofthe resulting mixture is raised to 150 degrees F., and mixed or agitatedfor 15 minutes. It is then ready for use as a water-proofing size, andis added to the stainers or clays in the desired proportions, this beingbest determined by trial and error.

The neutral casein which I prefer to use is a very good adhesive and isa standard article of manufacture. By experiment I have found that it ishighly desirable for my use. The water in the second kettle is heated todissolve the borax and tri-sodium phosphate. The borax preserves andsweetens the casein, while the tri-sodium phosphate acts as a dispersingand emulsifying alkali. The ammonia adds to the properties of thetri-sodium phosphate. At 140 degrees F. the paste changes to a liquid,and is then a good adhesive size.

The pine oil is used asa deodorizer, and while I prefer it, otherdeodorizers may be used. The carbolic acid is a preservative for thecasein. If desired formaldehyde may be susbtituted for the carbolicacid. The mixture is cooked for 15 minutes at 140 degrees F. to preventfoaming.

The aqueous wax dispersion is preferably an aqueous emulsion of parailinwax employing soap as the principal dispersing agent. The quantity usedaffects the time required to age the final product. I, therefore, preferto use not over as not to affect the color of the final product, and

I prefer to use between 10 and 20 gallons in my mixture.

The wax solution is used as a water-proofing agent. It consists of beeswax, a vegetable wax,- a mineral wax and a mineral wax solvent. Thevegetable wax in carnauba and/or candelilla wax. The mineral wax isparafline wax, petroleum wax, ozocerite wax, chlorinated waxes, and/orchlorinated wax compounds. The mineral solvents are one or more of thefollowing, naphtha, benzine, gasoline, kerosene, mineral spirits, coaltar naphthas xylol, solvent naphtha, and the like. The wax solution maybe called a waxy compound containing a mineral solvent. I prefer to usebetween 10 and 20 gallons in my mixture.

The 18% solution of gum copal cut with aquaammonia contains 18% solidmatter. It is used in my invention as a water-proofing and soapprooflngagent. The amount used may range between 5 and 15 gallons.

The preferred cooking temperature is 150 degrees F. but if thetemperature is kept between 140 degrees F. and 160 degrees F. the oilsand waxes are properly cooked in the casein. If cooked over 30 minutesthe mixture has a tendency to foam, but have cooked the mixture aslittle as 15 minutes with desirable results. It is essential that themixture be thoroughly mixed during the cooking step.

The finished size is white, is of medium consistency, has a pleasantodor and mixes well with water colors, inks and stainers. Afterprinting, the product is washable with water after 10 days aging, andafter 20 to 30 days aging is washable with soap. The aged product iswater proof and highly resistant to soapy water, this resistanceincreasing with aging. The paper does not curl in manufacture, does notbecome brittle with age, and the colors do not crack or peel. The waterinks are pulp colors or stains, clay being the base coating of the web,as is well known to those skilled in the art.

In addition to making washable wall-paper my sizing material may be usedto make textiles and papers water-proof. It is also useful for regularpaper sizing as a water-proofing agent. For out-door bill board colors,my invention is particularly applicable. Also it is useful in connectionwith decorated paper known as Christmas stock. Also water paints may bemade water and soap proof with my size.

The following table sets forth the optional and preferred range of theingredients listed in making my size.

Ingredient Casein Romy Tri-sodium phosphate Ammonia Pine oil Carbolicacid Water wax dispersiom.

Linseed oil Wax solution Solution of gum copal cut with aqua-ammonia.

Gum copal hesive properties of the casein are not impaired by the othermaterials which with age render the clays or pigments water and soapproof.

Casein cut and added to clay and pigment norproduct water-proof but notsoap-proof. The

' gum copal helps to make the product water-proof and soap proof, whenused in the manner described; I

I claim as my invention:

1. A water-proofing agent for water colors and the like, consisting of asolution containing 400 lbs. of water and lbs. of casein, a solutioncontaining 100 lbs. of water, 5 lbs. of borax and 5 lbs. of tri-sodiumphosphate, 1 qt. of ammonia, 2 qts. of pine oil, 1 qt. of carbolic acid,25 gals. of a water wax dispersion, 15 gals. of linseed oil, 15 gals. ofwax solvent solution, 5 gals. of an 18% solution of gum copal cut withaqua-ammonia, and 10 gals. of gum copal.

2. A water-proofing agent for water colors and the like, consisting of asolution containing 400 lbs. of water and 100 lbs. of casein, a solutioncontaining 100 lbs. of water, 5 lbs. of borax and 5 lbs. of tri-sodiumphosphate, 1 qt. of ammonia, 1

' water, 100 lbs. of casein, 5 lbs. of borax, 5 lbs. of

tri-sodium phosphate, 1 qt. of ammonia, 2 qts. of

pine oil, 1 qt. of carbolic acid, 25 gals. of an aqueous wax dispersion,15 gals. of light linseed oil, 15 gals. of a wax solution containing amineral solvent, 5 gals. of gum copal cut with ammonia and containing18% solid matter, and 10 gals. of gum copal.

4. The method of making a water-proofing size for water colors, inks,stainers and the like, comprising the steps of mixing 100 lbs. of caseinin 400 lbs. of cold water and soaking for 30 minutes, dissolving 5 lbs.of borax and 5 lbs. of tri-sodium phosphate in 100 lbs. of boiling hotwater, applying heat to the casein and water mixture, stirring thecasein and water mixture and adding the mixture of borax, tri-sodiumphosphate and water thereto, adding one quart of ammonia to the combinedmixture, cooking the mixture until the temperature thereof reachesdegrees F., at such temperature adding two qts. of pine oil and one qt.of carbolic acid, agitating the whole mixture for 15 minutes, adding 25gals. of an aqueous wax dispersion, 15 gals. light linseed oil, 15 gals.of a wax solution containing a mineral solvent, 5 gals. of gum copal cutwith ammonia and containing 18% solid matter, and 10 gals. of gum copal,raising the temperature of the resulting mixture to degrees F., andcooking for 15 minutes.

5. The method of making a composition of matter of the character setforth, comprising the steps of mixing 100 lbs. of casein in 400 lbs. ofcold water and soaking, dissolving 2 to 6 lbs. of borax and 2 to 6 lbs.of tri-sodium phosphate in 100 lbs. of hot water, heating and stirringthe casein solution while adding'the borax and trisodium solutionthereto, adding 1 to 3 qts. of ammonia, cooking the mixture until thetemperature reaches 140 degrees F., then adding a deodorant and 1 to 3qts. of carbolic acid, stirring the mixture for about 15 minutes at 140degrees F., adding 10 to 30 gals. of an aqueous wax dispersion, 10 to 20gals, of pale linseed oil, 10 to 20 gals. of a wax solution containing amineral solvent, 5 to 15 gals. of gum copal cut with aquaammoniaandcontaining 18% solid matter, and 10 gals. of gum copal, raising thetemperature of the resulting mixture to between 140 degrees and 160degrees F., and cooking it at this temperature for 15 to 30 minutes.

6. A water-proofing size consisting of a mixture of substantially 500parts of water, 100 parts of neutral casein, 2 to 6 parts of borax, 2 to6 parts of tri-sodium phosphate, 2 to 6 parts of ammonia, 2 to 8 partsof pine oil, 2 to 6 parts of carbolic acid, 80 to 240 parts of a waterwax dispersion, 80 to 160 parts of high grade linseed oil, 80 to 160parts of wax solution,'40 to 120. parts of an 18% solution of gum copalcut with aquaammonia, and 40 to 120 partsof gum copal.

'7. A water-proofing size consisting of a. mixture by weight ofsubstantially 500 parts of water, 100 parts of neutral casein, 2 to 6parts of borax, 2 to 6 parts of tri-sodium phosphate, 2 to 6 parts ofammonia, 2 to 6 parts of carbolic acid, to 240 parts of a. water waxdispersion, 80 to 160 parts of high grade linseed oil, 80 to 160 partsof wax solution, 40 to 120 parts of an 18%, solution of gum copal outwith aqua-ammonia, and 40 to 120 parts of gum copal.

8. A water-proofing size consisting of a mixture by weight ofsubstantially 500 parts of water, parts of neutral casein, 2 to 6 partsof borax, 2 to 6 parts of tri-sodium phosphate; 2 to 6 parts of ammonia,2 to 8 parts of pine oil, 2 to 6 parts 01. formaldehyde, 80 to 240 parts01' a water wax dispersion, 80 to 160 parts of high grade linseed oil,80 to 160 parts of wax solution, 40 to parts of an 18% solution of gumcopal cut with aquaammonia, and 40 to 120 parts of gum copal.

' 9. -A waterproofing size consisting of a mixture by'weight ofsubstantially 500 parts of water, 100 parts of neutral casein, 2 to .6parts of borax, 2 to 6 parts of tri-sodium phosphate, 2 to 6 parts ofammonia, 2 to 6 parts of formaldehyde, 80 to 240 parts of water waxdispersion, 80 to parts of high grade linseed oil, 80 to 160 parts ofwax solution, 40 to 120 parts of an 18% solution of gum copal cut withaqua-ammonia, and 40 to 120 parts of gum copal.

10. A water-proofing size consisting of a mixture by weight ofsubstantially 500 parts of water, 109 parts of neutral casein, 2 to 6parts of borax, 2 to 6 parts of 'tri-sodium phosphate, 2 to 6 parts ofammonia, 2 to 8 parts of pine oil, 2 to 6 parts of casein preservative,80 to 240 parts of a water wax dispersion, 80 to 160 parts of high gradelinseed oil, 80 to 160 parts of wax solution, 40 to 120 parts of an 18%solution of gum copal out with aqua-ammonia, and 40 to 120 parts of gumcopal.

11. 'A water-proofing size consisting of a mixture by weight ofsubstantially 500 parts of water, 100 parts of neutral casein, 2 to 6parts of borax, 2 to 6 parts of tri-sodium phosphate, 2 to 6 parts ofammonia, 2 to 6 parts of casein preservative, 80 to-240 parts of waterwax dispersion, 80 to160 parts of high grade linseed oil, 80to 160 partsof wax-solution, 40 to 120 parts of an 18% solution of gum copal outwith aqua-ammonia, and 40 to 120 parts of gum copal.

CHARLES R. BURGARD.

